Autopsy & Case Reports (journal) (2024)

Samikshya Thapa, Gajendra Kumar Yadav, Ratna Mondal, Ravi Hari Phulware

Esophageal melanocytosis is a rare entity defined by the proliferation of a melanocytic basal layer of the esophageal squamous lining and deposition of melanin in the esophageal mucosa. Esophageal melanocytosis is considered a benign entity of unknown etiology; however, it has been reported as a melanoma precursor. We report a case of esophageal melanocytosis in a diabetic and hypertensive 67-year-old male with recurrent dizziness and syncope for the past 6 months. Given his complaint of dyspepsia, he underwent an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, in which an esophageal biopsy revealed the diagnosis of esophageal melanocytosis...

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

Hadeel Abu-El-Rub, Rashed Shatnawi, Yahia I AbuZetun, Doaa Ghorab, Ali M Shotar

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are abnormal vascular connections between pulmonary arteries and veins, often associated with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). Most PAVMs are asymptomatic, but life-threatening complications like pulmonary hemorrhage, brain abscesses, and paradoxical emboli can emerge, so prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial. We report a case of sudden pediatric death in a two-year-old female with no past medical history. Initial vomiting and fast deterioration resulted in a sudden cardiac arrest...

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

Mayur Parkhi, Madhumita Premkumar, Amanjit Bal, Ashim Das, Sanjay Jain, Suvradeep Mitra

The lymphocyte-depleted classic Hodgkin lymphoma (LDCHL), the rarest subtype of classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL), is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage (stage IV) and one that unusually involves the liver, causing a rapidly progressive clinical course. We describe a 40-year-old immunocompromised man presenting with a progressive non-cholestatic jaundice and intermittent fever. The abdominal ultrasonography revealed a nodular liver with coarse echotexture and periportal hypodensities. The thoracic and abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed right cervical and paraaortic lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, diffuse mural thickening of duodenal and jejunal loops, and bilateral lobulated kidneys...

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

Ujjwal Madan, Himil Mahadevia, Parth Sharma, Satya Preetham Gunta, Ossama Tawfik, Karen Fritchie, Julian Magadan

Primary cardiac tumors are rare. The cardiac sarcomas are the most common malignant cardiac tumors. These tumors have a dismal prognosis with an overall median survival of 25 months. Clinical features include dyspnea, arrhythmias, pericardial effusions, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. The diagnosis is often challenging. Therefore, the cardiac imaging workup plays a central role in addition to a high clinical suspicion in the setting of atypical presentations that do not respond to standard therapies...

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

Hubert Daisley, Oneka Acco, Martina Daisley, Dennecia George, Lilly Paul, Errol James, Arlene Rampersad, Farhaana Narinesingh, Ornella Humphrey, Johann Daisley, Melissa Nathan

The vasa vasorum of the large pulmonary vessels is involved in the pathology of COVID-19. This specialized microvasculature plays a major role in the biology and pathology of the pulmonary vessel walls. We have evidence that thrombosis of the vasa vasorum of the large and medium-sized pulmonary vessels during severe COVID-19 causes ischemia and subsequent death of the pulmonary vasculature endothelium. Subsequent release of thrombi from the vasa interna into the pulmonary circulation and pulmonary embolism generated at the ischemic pulmonary vascular endothelium site, are the central pathophysiological mechanisms in COVID-19 responsible for pulmonary thromboembolism...

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

Wilker Dias Martins, Elisa França Chaves, Flavia Cristina Gonçalves de Aquino, Sean Brasil de Oliveira, Isabela Dorneles Pasa, Bruno Guimarães Marcarini, Vitor Ribeiro Paes, Chong Ae Kim, Regina Schultz

Trisomy 13, known as Patau syndrome, is a common aneuploidy with a well-known clinical phenotype. This case report describes a trisomy 13 patient with unusual autopsy findings, including features resembling the Beckwith-Wiedemann Spectrum. Due to abnormalities of gestational ultrasounds, a prenatal karyotype of amniotic fluid cells was performed, which resulted in 47, XY+13. Autopsy microscopy studies identified leptomeningeal glioneuronal heterotopia, which was not described as belonging to Patau syndrome...

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

Sangamitra Rajasekaran, Hari Neupane, Monika Bawa, Uma Nahar Saikia, Sadhna Lal, Suvradeep Mitra

Biliary atresia (BA) is a fibro-obliterative cholestatic disease of infancy. The presence of cartilage in the resected tissue is an uncommon finding. We documented the presence of both mature and immature hyaline cartilage in the portal plate and the wall of the gallbladder in a 2-month-old girl infant with BA who had undergone Kasai portoenterostomy. The presence of cartilage could be part of a heterotopia or an uncommon connective tissue metaplasia. The presence of immature cartilage with the merging of the perichondrium with the soft tissue highlights a metaplastic etiology in the index case...

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

Marlone Cunha-Silva, Clauber Teles Veiga, Larissa Bastos Eloy da Costa, Simone Reges Perales, Amanda Avesani Cavotto Furlan, Elaine Cristina de Ataíde, Ilka de Fátima Santana Ferreira Boin, Tiago Sevá-Pereira

Giant hepatic hemangiomas are occasional in patients with cirrhosis. It remains a challenge to decide on the need for treatment and choose the most appropriate intervention. A 62-year-old woman was recently diagnosed with cirrhosis and complained of upper abdominal fullness, reduction in oral food intake, and weight loss of 6 kg over the last three years. Upper digestive endoscopy evidenced thin-caliber esophageal varices and significant extrinsic compression of the lesser gastric curvature. Abdominal computed tomography revealed an exophytic tumor in the left hepatic lobe, measuring 11...

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

Chennakeshava Thunga, Suvradeep Mitra, Devi Dayal, Sadhna Lal

Fatty acid oxidation defects are a heterogeneous group of disorders related to the mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation pathway. Carnitine acylcarnitine translocase (CACT) is an enzyme responsible for the unidirectional transport of acylcarnitine across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This enzyme plays a crucial role in the oxidation of fatty acids. The autopsy pathology of the CACT deficiency is described in only a few cases. We describe the autopsy pathology of a child with CACT deficiency dominantly in the form of microvesicular steatosis of the hepatocytes, renal proximal tubular epithelia, cardiac myocytes, and rhabdomyocytes...

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

Enrico De Dominicis, Gian Luca Marella, Gabriele Giuga, Giulia Ceccobelli, Luca Savino, Alessandro Mauro Tavone

The present work reports the autopsy findings of a unique case characterized by fatal retroperitoneal hemorrhage following the traumatic rupture of bilateral renal angiomyolipomas. Renal angiomyolipomas are generally benign tumors with an unpredictable clinical course, ranging from asymptomatic to sudden rupture and hemorrhagic shock. They may be associated with genetic disorders such as tuberous sclerosis complex. The case under investigation is unprecedented in the medical literature due to its bilateral nature and fatal outcome...

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

Vitorino Modesto Dos Santos, Lister Arruda Modesto Dos Santos

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

Laura Pratas Guerra, Joana Simões, Diogo Carvalho Sá, José Polónia, António Araújo

Neuroendocrine breast cancer (NEBC) is a rare and heterogeneous entity. It most commonly presents a luminal phenotype and a worse prognosis. When diagnosed in an advanced stage, metastasis from another neuroendocrine tumor should be excluded. This case features a premenopausal woman with an oligometastatic breast large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, estrogen receptor (ER) positive, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative. Since the patient was very symptomatic at the presentation of the disease, chemotherapy was started...

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

Fareed Rajack, Shawn Medford, Tammey Naab

Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) is the second most common renal cell carcinoma (RCC), accounting for 10-15% of cases. Mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma (MTSCC), on the other hand, accounts for only 1% of renal tumors and has a more favorable prognosis compared to PRCC. We report a 75-year-old female with a left upper pole solid renal mass displaying features of both papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) and mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma (MTSC). In this case, a shaggy luminal surface, multiple papillations, and psammoma bodies, absence of E-cadherin expression, and strong CD10 expression favored PRCC...

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

Harpreet Kaur, Neha Singh, Sushma Bharti, Gurwinder Kaur

Ovarian steroid cell tumors are rare, representing less than 0.1% of all ovarian neoplasms. Among the myriad causes of hirsutism, ovarian tumors account for 1% of the reported cases. We present the case of a 49-year-old parous postmenopausal woman who sought medical attention for hirsutism for 2 years. This case illustrates the unusual and interesting connection between rare ovarian pathology and the clinical manifestation of hirsutism in a postmenopausal patient. Her ultrasonography and MRI showed a right adnexal mass of solid-cystic consistency with thin septations...

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

Hubert Daisley, Dennecia George, Johann Daisley

We report the case of a 77-year-old male who suffered from hypertension and died suddenly. At autopsy, he was found to have hypertensive cardiomegaly and a dissecting syphilitic saccular aneurysm of the ascending aorta and arch with tamponade. Chronic aortic regurgitation, which is often seen in syphilitic aortitis, produces an additive effect to the concentric left ventricular hypertrophy seen in hypertension.

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

Natalie Fabrizio, Christopher L Pankey, Kathleen Martin, Michael Baker, Cameron Clark Felty

Twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence is a rare complication of monochorionic twinning whereby a donor twin perfuses an acardiac twin via aberrant vascular anastomoses. The resulting paradoxical retrograde blood flow supplying the acardiac twin is oxygen-poor, leading to some of the most severe malformations encountered in humans. Though the first descriptions of acardiac twins date back to at least the 16th century, the pathophysiologic processes which underpin the development of TRAP sequence are still being elucidated...

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

Ekta Sethi, Sunayana Misra, Arvind Ahuja

Primary leiomyosarcoma with osteosarcomatous differentiation of the breast is an uncommon entity. We present the case of a 37-year-old female who presented with a lump in the breast and pulmonary lesions on PET-CT, for which she underwent a toilet mastectomy. Histopathological examination revealed a tumor with cells arranged in sheets. These tumor cells had moderate eosinophilic cytoplasm, highly pleomorphic, irregular hyperchromatic nuclei, coarse chromatin, and prominent nucleoli. Areas with spindle-cell morphology were noted...

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

Saikat Mitra, Amitava Dutta

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

Yago Marcos Pessoa-Gonçalves, Ana Clara Vaz E Silva, Carlo José Freire Oliveira, Sheila Jorge Adad, Lucinda Calheiros Guimarães

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

Sonali Mishra, Ashok Singh, Arvind Kumar, Ravi Hari Phulware

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

2024: Autopsy & Case Reports

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